European Space Agency
Every Cosmic Herald story on European Space Agency — missions, launches, discoveries, and the business of space, newest first.
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Commercial
Low Earth orbit has a garbage problem. Here's who's trying to clean it up.
There are roughly 27,000 tracked pieces of debris in orbit, and hundreds of thousands more too small to track. Two companies — Astroscale and ClearSpace — are building the first commercial debris removal spacecraft. The engineering is harder than it sounds.
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Missions
BepiColombo is about to become the first new Mercury orbiter in 50 years
ESA and JAXA's joint BepiColombo mission spent six years threading through the inner solar system. Its arrival at Mercury orbit will answer questions about the planet's magnetic field and mysterious dark surface that MESSENGER couldn't fully resolve.
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Science & Discovery
Gravity as a telescope: how Einstein rings are mapping dark matter
Gravitational lensing bends light from distant galaxies around massive foreground objects, creating arcs and Einstein rings. Astronomers have turned this relativistic quirk into a precision instrument for weighing dark matter — and the results are reshaping cosmological models.
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NASA & Agencies
Russia in space, 2026: what's left of the program after four years of isolation
Roscosmos has shed international partners, lost Soyuz commercial launch contracts, and watched its GLONASS constellation degrade. What remains is a human spaceflight program, a military reconnaissance constellation, and ambitious plans whose funding remains unclear.
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NASA & Agencies
ESA is building a telescope just for exoplanet atmospheres. Ariel will change what we know.
The European Space Agency's Ariel mission — the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey — is designed to systematically characterize the atmospheres of hundreds of exoplanets in a single mission. It's the first telescope built specifically to answer the question: what are other planets made of?
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Astronomy
Astronomers can't agree on how old the universe is. That's actually exciting.
Two different methods of measuring the expansion rate of the universe give two different answers — and the gap between them is too large to be a measurement error. Known as the Hubble tension, this disagreement might be pointing toward new physics that nobody has found yet.
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Missions
ESA's JUICE mission is on its way to Jupiter. The science starts long before arrival.
The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer — JUICE — is now on a seven-year trajectory to the Jovian system. Its mission is ambitious: orbit Jupiter, make close flybys of Callisto and Europa, then slip into orbit around Ganymede, the first spacecraft ever to orbit a moon other than our own.
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Science & Discovery
Phosphine on Venus: four years later, what the research actually says
The 2020 claim that phosphine — a potential biosignature gas — had been detected in Venus's atmosphere sparked one of the most contentious debates in recent planetary science. Years of follow-up observations and analysis have clarified the picture, though not fully resolved it.
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Science & Discovery
The Sun is at its most active in two decades. What solar maximum actually means.
Solar Cycle 25 has been more active than forecasters predicted, delivering some of the strongest geomagnetic storms in years and producing aurora visible at unusually low latitudes. What solar maximum means for technology, satellites, and power grids — and how we prepare — is more relevant now than it has been in a generation.
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Science & Discovery
How black holes actually grow: new X-ray observations are filling in the picture
Black holes grow by consuming nearby gas and dust — but the details of how that accretion works, and how it produces the relativistic jets that extend for millions of light-years, are still being worked out. A new generation of X-ray telescopes is catching the process in action.
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Stargazing
Saturn's rings are nearly edge-on. Here's why that's worth watching.
Saturn's rings appear to open and close as the planet orbits the Sun, presenting a full face every fifteen years or so — and then nearly vanishing as they tilt edge-on. We are approaching one of those disappearing acts. Understanding the geometry, and how to watch it unfold, makes an ordinary telescope into a front-row seat for orbital mechanics.
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Missions
Solar Orbiter flew closer to the Sun than any imaging spacecraft before it. What it saw was unexpected.
ESA's Solar Orbiter has returned the closest images ever taken of the Sun, revealing thousands of tiny flares — dubbed 'campfires' — across the solar surface. It is also the first spacecraft designed to image the Sun's poles, solving a geometry problem that has frustrated solar physicists for decades.
